Abstract:
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women.
Natural products from plants and microorganism have provided
the main source of folk medicine with a larger percentage of
prescribed drugs containing compounds derived from plants,
some being of great significance to cancer therapy. The
significance of the study was to provide additional information on
the potency of Dennettia tripetala against cancer. The study was
aimed at evaluating the anticancer activity of aqueous and
ethanol extract of Dennettia tripetala fruit against MCF-7 cell lines.
About 150 g of the pulverized plant fruit was soaked in 1.5 litres
of distilled water and alcohol to obtain aqueous and ethanol
extracts. The extracts were concentrated to 3.125, 6.25, 12.5,25.0
and 50.0 µg/ml and used for experiment. Phytochemical analysis
indicated presence of glycoside, saponins, steroids and
triterpenes in the aqueous extract. All were present in the ethanol
extract including tannins and excluding saponins. MCF-7 cell was
cultured and then subcultured at confluence before treating with
5-fluorouracil drug as positive control, dimethyl sulfoxide as
negative control and the various extracts of aqueous and ethanol
extracts of Dennettia tripetala. The cytotoxicity assay was
determined using neutral red uptake assay after 72 hours of
treatment and the half inhibitory concentration was obtained from
the linear regression equation after plotting a dose response
curve of percentage cell inhibition. The result obtained from the
cytotoxicity assay showed statistically significant increase (P<0.05)
for percentage cell inhibition by the aqueous and ethanol extracts
of Dennettia tripetala against the MCF-7 cell line at 25.0 and 50.0
µg/ml. The half inhibitory concentration was 37.42 and 61.74
µg/ml for aqueous and ethanol extract respectively. In conclusion,
there is anticancer potency of Dennettia tripetala fruit against
MCF-7 cancer cell line.
