BHUDR: BINGHAM UNIVERSITY DIGITAL REPOSITORY

Immunohistochemistry in Cancer Diagnosis: A Review

Thu, 01 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Immunohistochemistry in Cancer Diagnosis: A Review GAMDE, Solomon Mathias; FRANCIS, Love Immunohistochemistry in cancer diagnosis holds great potenƟal to improve paƟent’s outcomes through enhanced diagnosƟc accuracy and more effecƟve treatment strategies. AnƟgen-anƟbody interacƟons is one of its main objecƟves that uƟlizes the specific binding of anƟbodies to cellular anƟ- gens allowing for the precise idenƟficaƟon and localizaƟon of specific proteins within Ɵssue samples. However, there exist pracƟcal hitches in the form of Ɵssue fixaƟon, epi- tope retrieval, and anƟbody quality. It is crucial to conƟnue streamlining the techniques and scoring systems to guar- antee their reliability in various contexts. Understanding the interactions is pivotal for the accurate diagnosis, prog- nosis, and future perspectives. As technology continues to advance and our understanding of cancer biology deep- ens, immunohistochemistry will remain an invaluable tool for precision in cancer diagnosis.

Effect of Orijin Bitters, Aqueous Extracts of Hibiscus Sabdariffa and Zingiber Officinale Roscoe on the Kadney of Adult Wastar Rats

Wed, 20 Nov 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Effect of Orijin Bitters, Aqueous Extracts of Hibiscus Sabdariffa and Zingiber Officinale Roscoe on the Kadney of Adult Wastar Rats DAVID, Sarah I; DURU, Godfrey Orijin bitters, Hibiscus sabdariffa and Zingiber officinale roscoe have been reported to possess various medicinal properties. The aim of the study is to evaluate their effects on the kidney of adult wistar rats. Methodology: thirty rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, each having 5 rats. Group 1 received distilled water, group 2, 70cl/70kg/bw orijin bitters, group 3, orijin bitters and 200mg/kg/bw Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx aqueous extract, group 4, orijin bitters and 500mg/kg/bw Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx aqueous extract, group 5, orijin bitters and 200mg/kg/bw officinale rhizome aqueous extract, group 6, orijin bitters and 500mg/kg/bw Zingiber officinale rhizome aqueous extract over a 21- day period. After administration, the rats were sacrificed and the kidney harvested for biochemical and histological analysis. Results: Orijin bitters altered renal function, indicated by elevated level of malondialdehyde and decreased level of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione, along with histopathological changes such as glomerular atrophy and tubular degeneration compared to the control. The result was not statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conversely, aqueous extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx and Zingiber officinale rhizome exhibited antioxidant properties, reducing oxidative stress and mitigating renal damage compared to the orijin bitters group only. Although the result was not statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Orijin bitters may have nephrotoxic effects, while Hibiscus sabdariffa and Zingiber officinale may offer protective benefits, due to their antioxidant properties.

Effect of Orijin Bitters, Aqueous Extracts of Hibiscus Sabdariffa Calyx and Zingiber Officinale Roscoe Rhizome on the Liver of adult wistar rats

Tue, 01 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Effect of Orijin Bitters, Aqueous Extracts of Hibiscus Sabdariffa Calyx and Zingiber Officinale Roscoe Rhizome on the Liver of adult wistar rats DAVID, Sarah I; DURU, Godfrey BACKGROUND AND AIM: Orijin bitters, Hibiscus sabdariffa and Zingiber officinale roscoe are consumed for medicinal properties and their effects were evaluated in this study on adult wistar rats’ liver. METHODOLOGY: Thirty rats were divided into 6 groups, 5 in each. Group 1 received distilled water, group 2, 70cl/70kg/bw orijin bitters, group 3 orijin bitters and 200mg/kg/bw Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx aqueous extract, group 4 orijin bitters and 500mg/kg/bw Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx aqueous extract, group 5 orijin bitters and 200mg/kg/bw officinale rhizome aqueous extract, group 6 orijin bitters and 500mg/kg/bw Zingiber officinale rhizome aqueous extract. After administration, the rats were sacrificed and the liver harvested for biochemical and histological analysis. RESULTS: Aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphate increased in group 2 while alanine transaminase decreased. Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase increased in most treatment groups while alkaline phosphate decreased. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Orijin bitters distorted the liver tissue while Hibiscus sabdariffa and Zingiber officinale roscoe extracts resulted in restoration. CONCLUSION: Orijin bitters may possess toxicity to the liver. Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx and Zingiber officinale roscoe rhizome due to antioxidants present ameliorated the effect

Anticancer Effect of Aqueous and Ethanol Extracts of Pepper Fruit (Dennettia tripetala) on the Morphology of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line

Sun, 01 Sep 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Anticancer Effect of Aqueous and Ethanol Extracts of Pepper Fruit (Dennettia tripetala) on the Morphology of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line DAVID, Sarah I Cancer is a multifactorial disease caused by combined genetic and non-genetic changes. Breast cancer being the second leading cause of death in women. A large percentage of known anticancer medicines are derived from various plant species. Dennettia tripetala has been found to contain vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals that possess anticancer properties. The study was aimed at examining the anticancer activity of aqueous and ethanol extract of Dennettia tripetala fruit on the morphology MCF-7 cell lines. 150 g of the ground fruit was soaked in 1.5 L of distilled water and ethanol to produce aqueous and ethanol extracts respectively. Both extracts obtained were concentrated to 6.25, 12.5 and 25.0 µg/ml. Cell viability was determined using trypan blue and hemocytometer while morphological changes were examined, by using an inverted microscope. MCF-7 cell was cultured and subcultured at confluence before treating with, 5-fluorouracil drug as positive control, dimethyl sulfoxide as negative control and the extracts of Dennettia tripetala. Cell viability decreased significantly in a dose-time manner. Morphological observation showed distortion of the MCF-7 cell, after treatment with the extracts, especially at 25 µg/ml after 48 and 72 hrs. In conclusion, Dennettia tripetala fruit have potency to decrease the viability and result in morphological damage of MCF-7 cancer cells.